One Scary Night :: essays research papers

The One Scary Night Once upon a time there was a girl and a boy that lived in a small town of Roughville. They were best friends. They did every thing together – sleep, eat, just everything. There were about 700 people in the Roughville. Most of which were hard workers in the town next to Roughville. This is was where all the businesses were located and most of the people worked there. So most of the times they were left alone with the caregiver. Jack and Katie usually got up around 9 o’clock to go and see what Katie was up to and they would got outside and play at the woods over by the end of town. One day during the summer they went on there usually route and went into the wood. Walking around having a good time they heard a weird noise and all of a sudden stop and shut up trying not to make a noise. After they stopped and listen to what they heard they heard a man talking sometime. But who every the other person was didn’t make a sound but some type of deep slow whisper but it wa s not English. Then they heard the noise start walking again but this time walking straight towards them. So they ran there fastest to their house and ran to their room and started talking about was happen. Jack’s caregivers LaKisha came into the room and ask what was going on coming in the house and running straight towards your room. â€Å" What is wrong,† said LaKisha. Then Jack and Katie started to tell what happen and LaKisha didn’t believe was they were saying and told them not to lie and not to go back in the woods ever again. So later that day Jack and Katie when back into the woods to look around to see if they could find any clues so they could show LaKisha. Walking around in the bushes Jack thought he saw something up ahead. He stopped and told Katie what was going on. She said that she saw it too. So they both walked up to what they saw and as they got closer and closer they saw that it was a old rusted and beat up house. So they went up to the house and looked around to see what was in the house. They couldn’t see any thing and it was getting dark outside and they started to leave and they would come back another time. One Scary Night :: essays research papers The One Scary Night Once upon a time there was a girl and a boy that lived in a small town of Roughville. They were best friends. They did every thing together – sleep, eat, just everything. There were about 700 people in the Roughville. Most of which were hard workers in the town next to Roughville. This is was where all the businesses were located and most of the people worked there. So most of the times they were left alone with the caregiver. Jack and Katie usually got up around 9 o’clock to go and see what Katie was up to and they would got outside and play at the woods over by the end of town. One day during the summer they went on there usually route and went into the wood. Walking around having a good time they heard a weird noise and all of a sudden stop and shut up trying not to make a noise. After they stopped and listen to what they heard they heard a man talking sometime. But who every the other person was didn’t make a sound but some type of deep slow whisper but it wa s not English. Then they heard the noise start walking again but this time walking straight towards them. So they ran there fastest to their house and ran to their room and started talking about was happen. Jack’s caregivers LaKisha came into the room and ask what was going on coming in the house and running straight towards your room. â€Å" What is wrong,† said LaKisha. Then Jack and Katie started to tell what happen and LaKisha didn’t believe was they were saying and told them not to lie and not to go back in the woods ever again. So later that day Jack and Katie when back into the woods to look around to see if they could find any clues so they could show LaKisha. Walking around in the bushes Jack thought he saw something up ahead. He stopped and told Katie what was going on. She said that she saw it too. So they both walked up to what they saw and as they got closer and closer they saw that it was a old rusted and beat up house. So they went up to the house and looked around to see what was in the house. They couldn’t see any thing and it was getting dark outside and they started to leave and they would come back another time.

Is Rationalisation a Desirable Strategy?

Foundations of Managing and Organising – Essay 1 Is rationalisation a desirable strategy for managing and organising Junction Hotel in the current economic climate? Junction Hotel is an ‘upmarket, city centre hotel with proud tradition of strong customer service with a traditional approach’. (2012, pp. 2-3) FoM Seminar workbook 1 – 2012-13). Simon Chance is the newly appointed C. E. O of the hotel in hope to restore the glorious hotel there once was. Simon Chance is a venture capitalist and president of Second-Chance consortium and is willing to step up to the challenge of updating the hotel through the way it operates, looks and how its run.Problems with the hotel range from poor management and organisation to dated equipment and deteriorating interior. This does not impress the high-class clientele the Hotel claims to cater for. The poor condition of the hotel matched with the very expensive room charges is not something customers will oblige to pay for e specially in the current economy where people’s expenses are rising alongside taxation and a poor economic climate leaving people with less disposable income.Furthermore, with the worldwide hotel sector looking as if it will be much more profitable there will be increased competition for Junction Hotel and a wider choice of hotels for customers to choose from. (MarketingCharts Staff, February 21, 2012. Hotel Industry Poised for 2012. http://www. marketingcharts. com/direct/hotel-industry-poised-for-2012-growth-21201/). Chance has decided a new business strategy is what Junction Hotel needs in order to regain the success it once had and looks at rationalisation as a potential strategy.Rationalisation is organising a business through principles of management in order to gain efficiency often accomplished through downsizing e. g. reducing workforce or selling/closing plants. By increasing efficiency it can cut hotel running costs of which the money can be spent on renovating the run down hotel. A problem with the current state of Junction Hotel is the lack of clear roles and job titles, which can be seen as almost essential today for all businesses.A more bureaucratic approach would be a great way to overcome this. This would include a clear hierarchy of authority usually presented in an organisational chart appointing each staff member their place in the organisation and who they answer to i. e. who their supervisor/s are. At the moment there is confusion with a number of staff as to what their roles are such as Linda Wilkinson whose responsibility is continually growing ranging from cleaning staff to reception staff to maintenance etc.This poses a problem as there is no division of labour which instantly reduces efficiency in the organisation as employees may not be clear on what to do and therefore there may be more people than necessary doing a specific job or important tasks left altogether. Furthermore, there is confusion over the roles in the restau rant with the Head Chef and Wilkinson both wanting control over the waiting staff. A well thought out organisation chart will indicate the position of each employee very clearly and means everyone should be able to cope with the workload thus minimising mistakes.It may be that Chance needs to hire more supervisors as Wilkinson seems to be accountable for many of the staff – a much higher ratio than what would be ideal. Morgan, G, (2006) â€Å"Mechanization Takes Command: Organizations as Machines† from Morgan, G, Images of Organization p 19 states that there should be Unity of Command meaning an employee should receive orders from only one supervisor as well as a low Span of Control meaning the number of employees reporting to one supervisor should not be so large that it creates communication problems.It is evident that this is not the case in Junction Hotel and the problems of this are beginning to show. (REFERENCE ABOUT SPECIALISATION e. g. relating to mcdonalds/tra velodge). Taking this more bureaucratic approach will enable Chance to make the workforce more rational and organised allowing efficiency of work to increase. Chance may decide the workers are unmotivated if rationalisation is put into action. By allocating specific jobs especially monotonous labour that is carried out day in day out workers may feel dehumanised and can get easily bored.This is a downside of the strategy Chance wishes to use however, there have been studies such as the Hawthorne studies which suggest it is possible to overcome these problems. Furthermore, on the plus side work at Junction Hotel is not as repetitive and dehumanising as factory workers who worked for Taylor or Ford and is even better than much of today’s work which has been a victim of ‘McDonaldization’. Ritzer, G. (2008) The Mcdonaldization of society p. 7 claims due to efficiency ‘Managers†¦ gain because more work gets done, more customers are served and more profits a re earned’ and therefore aim to achieve greatest efficiency which is defined as ‘choosing the optimum means to a given end’. This type of rational organisation is very mechanical, employees work solely for monetary rewards and work is very individual. This type of working environment would not suit Junction Hotel as a hotel is a very social place where workers need to communicate with each other and customers.This type of work environment in modern society would be found in a fast food restaurant such as McDonalds – here monotonous tasks are continuously carried out by the workers and even what they say is scripted. This would not work well in the Junction Hotel setting as each customer in the hotel will have different queries besides â€Å"would you want the receptionist to have the same conversation with you as somebody serving you in McDonalds? † (FoM Seminar (2012) Nottingham Trent University). Furthermore, the Hawthorne Studies found that there are many factors that changed the output workers produced.I feel these are not entirely relevant to the workers at Junction Hotel because a lot of the jobs to do at Junction Hotel are more concerned with the quality than the quantity. For example there are only 100 rooms to clean though these should although be done quickly there should be certainty that each room is spotless to maintain this luxurious hotel image. Changes in the light level won’t have much impact on the rate of work in the Hotel or have much impact on customers as they are not really buying products. Such changes may be necessary in the restaurant as here it is important for food to be made and served quickly.Overall, I think rationalisation is a much needed strategy but not in the way it is made clear to us in the modern day e. g. by dehumanising workers and giving them simple, boring tasks to do. It is important for Junction Hotel to gain a structure/hierarchy as well as division of labour to occur though there is a risk of workers being stripped of their individuality and therefore a line must be drawn at how bureaucratic the organisation should become as it must remain a high class venue and not equivalent to a Travelodge where there are hundreds of venues which look and operate the same and include no perks for the customer.REFEERNCE LIST: Anon. (2012, pp. 2-3) FoM Seminar workbook 1 – 2012-13 MarketingCharts Staff, February 21, 2012. Hotel Industry Poised for 2012. http://www. marketingcharts. com/direct/hotel-industry-poised-for-2012-growth-21201/ Morgan, G, (2006, p 19) â€Å"Mechanization Takes Command: Organizations as Machines† from Morgan, G, Images of Organization Ritzer, G. (2008, p. 57) The Mcdonaldization of society Anon. (2012) FoM Seminar Nottingham Trent University

Alexander Pope Essay - 6204 Words

The Rape of the Lock Context Alexander Pope was born in London in 1688. As a Roman Catholic living during a time of Protestant consolidation in England, he was largely excluded from the university system and from political life, and suffered certain social and economic disadvantages because of his religion as well. He was self-taught to a great extent, and was an assiduous scholar from a very early age. He learned several languages on his own, and his early verses were often imitations of poets he admired. His obvious talent found encouragement from his father, a linen-draper, as well as from literary-minded friends. At the age of twelve, Pope contracted a form of tuberculosis that settled in his spine, leaving him stunted and†¦show more content†¦After the publication of The Rape of the Lock, Pope spent many years translating the works of Homer. During the ten years he devoted to this arduous project, he produced very few new poems of his own but refined his taste in literature (and his moral, social, and political opinions) to an incredible degree. When he later recommenced to write original poetry, Pope struck a more serious tone than the one he gave to The Rape of the Lock. These later poems are more severe in their moral judgments and more acid in their satire: Popes Essay on Man is a philosophical poem on metaphysics, ethics, and human nature, while in the Dunciad Pope writes a scathing exposà © of the bad writers and pseudo-intellectuals of his day. Characters Belinda - Belinda is based on the historical Arabella Fermor, a member of Popes circle of prominent Roman Catholics. Robert, Lord Petre (the Baron in the poem) had precipitated a rift between their two families by snipping off a lock of her hair. The Baron - This is the pseudonym for the historical Robert, Lord Petre, the young gentleman in Popes social circle who offended Arabella Fermor and her family by cutting off a lock of her hair. In the poems version of events, Arabella is known as Belinda. Caryl - The historical basis for the Caryl character is John Caryll, a friend of Pope and of the two families that had becomeShow MoreRelatedThe Life of Alexander Pope859 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"An honest mans the noblest work of God.† Alexander Pope life was rough as a child because of his illness. In his early career, and even later in life he wrote a lot of famous poets. Alexander Pope lived his life as a famous writer until death from his childhood sickness Alexander Pope an, English poet was born on May 21, 1688 on Lombard Street in London. His father, Alexander Pope, a Roman Catholic, was a linen-draper who afterwards retired from business with a small fortune, and fixed his homeRead MoreAlexander Pope and Women Essay example1658 Words   |  7 PagesAlexander Pope may have been the adversary of female behavior the extent of this has long been in question. The writer’s satirical style towards the women of his era is evidence of his opinions. However, there are noticeable facts that generate a swaying effect on Pope’s views and the meaning of The Rape of the Lock. These details consist of the author’s personal life and symbolism contained in his mock epic poem, including the voices of Bella and Clarissa, which is an indication that he may notRead MoreRape of the Lock by Alexander Pope Essay596 Words   |  3 PagesRape of the Lock by Alexander Pope Alexander Popes The Rape of the Lock is not studied and admired only because of its style and form, but also for its base content and underlying themes. Popes ability to manipulate text into mock-heroic form, constructing a flow of satirical description is what makes this poem one of such quality. The piece was first published in 1712 by the request of Popes friend, John Caryll. It was to make peace between the Fermors and Petres, two prominent RomanRead MoreAlexander Pope and Christianity1360 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity in Essay on Man Alexander Pope is an eighteenth century writer who spent most of his life suffering. He had a rare form of tuberculosis which left him in constant pain. As a result of this disease, he never grew very tall. He was only about four and a half feet tall and he also experienced migraines (Greenblatt 2714). Despite all of Pope’s impediments, he managed to write Essay on Man which portrays an extremely optimistic outlook on life. Although Pope says that he â€Å"avoids all specificallyRead More Alexander Pope Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pages Alexander Pope nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The differences between eighteenth-century literature and romantic poems, with respect to history is constituted here. This is seen through the influential works of John Keats and Alexander Pope. These works are acknowledged as, quot;The Rape of Lockquot; and quot;The Eve of St. Agnes.quot; Alexander Pope takes his readers on a hatred filled epic. A robust piece of literature and love induced psychoses in, quot;The Rape of Lock.quot; On the otherRead MoreThe Rape Of Lock By Alexander Pope1448 Words   |  6 Pages A mock epic is an extended narrative poem in an elevated or dignified language that celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero. In Alexander Pope’s, The Rape of Lock, his poem is a mock epic, not only because it is a long narrative poem; but his work consists in a series of events and revolves around beauty over brains. This mock epic satirizes not only sylphs, but also satirizes a woman’s ability to think logically than emotionally. The Rape of Lock is considered to be a mock epicRead MoreAn Essay On Man By Alexander Pope1265 Words   |  6 Pagesargues that social norms have a greater strong-hold on morality than the drive for economics, though they both do drive humans. In â€Å"An Essay on Man† by Alexander Pope, Pope suggests to readers that morality and economics are linked to God’s plan for every human being. The relationship between economics and morality are explored by Hobbes, Locke, and Pope throughout their respective works. Hobbes combines morality and economics by tackling the innate qualities of human beings. According to Hobbes, humansRead MoreAnalysis Of The Rape Of The Lock By Alexander Pope1134 Words   |  5 Pagesthe lives of everyday people? Words can wound, words can heal, but most importantly, words have purpose. To Alexander Pope, writing critical satire was worth being called a â€Å"hump-backed toad† (Cody). Even though Alexander Pope was only four and a half feet tall due to his medical problems, his words made him a giant that left his footprint in the writing world (â€Å"Alexander Pope†). Alexander Pope uses brilliant, biting satire in The Rape of the Lock to effectively point out the vices in 18th century EnglandRead MorePope Alexander was a Beautiful Writer643 Words   |  3 PagesAlexander Pope – a poet, landscape gardener, translator, and a satirist – is a famous public figure of the Enlightenment Era. One of his famous satire s would be â€Å"An Essay on Criticism† where Pope rebukingly criticizes people who wrongly criticize. The work of a satire which has a blend of humor and wit for the improvement of humanity and the use of these characteristics were a very popular way of writing literature in the EnlightenmentRead MoreAlexander Pope s The Rape Of The Lock1340 Words   |  6 Pagesliterature. Nonetheless, the themes and archetypes of these works known as epics are so well-known, that they are even parodied, take completely out of context, and pasted on the wall for laughs. One of the most recognized parodies of this kind would be Alexander Pope’s The Rape of the Lock. The Rape of the Lock is a story about taking a minor incident and satirizing it by making it into a huge and important epic of divine proportions. One might think of the phrase â€Å"a tempest in a teapot†, which perfectly

An Emergency Room Visit For Elderly - 1757 Words

Every year, 1 in 3 adults over the age of 65 years will fall at least once. According to Williams, Szekendi Thomas (2013), â€Å"A fall is defined by the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators as an unplanned descent to the floor or extension of the floor with or without injury to the patient† (p. 19). Falls are the leading cause of death or reason for an emergency room visit for elderly. Research has shown that physicians recognize the prevalence, and can identify risks of falls, yet they are not regularly administering some form of fall risk assessment to their patients (Smith et al., 2015). So where is improvement needed? What is being done to reduce the incidents of falls within the healthcare facility? With the rising medical costs associated with falls and the injury it is posing to the patients, the safety of patients and prevention of falls has become a leading research target. Throughout this paper the three more common causations to falls will be addr essed, along with the three top preventions and interventions the health care facilities are focusing on in order to decrease the rising number of falls. There are many risks associated with falling, some intrinsic and some extrinsic. Age, gender, medical history, history of falls, environmental factors, ambulatory aids, mobility impairment, and medications are some of the main contributors. Upon entering a health care facility, the nursing and staff are responsible for addressing the chief complaint ofShow MoreRelatedEssay1135 Words   |  5 PagesColchester, Connecticut is a quaint small town in New London County. It borders another county, Middlesex County. A very family oriented town, Colchester has a population of 16,000 in a 49-square mile area. The elderly (over 65 y.o.) represent 10% of Colchester’s population. Considered suburban, Colchester is mostly rural living with many farms and two villages, Westchester and North Westchester. The Center of Colchester has a town green with a gazebo and hosts events year-round. The center is wellRead MoreKey Aspects Of The Canadian Health Care System1221 Words   |  5 Pageshe avily relied on the public sector. One of the major issues the health care system is currently facing the over crowded emergency departments and extremely long waiting times. . In this paper I will discuss the issue of overcrowded hospitals as a results of the rising population of the elderly. Many of our hospitals are over crowned, there are long waiting time, and the elderly are not provided with sufficient care. Overcrowding will place an increasing amount of burden on the hospital by delayingRead MorePaper On Emergency Room Caretakers982 Words   |  4 Pagessuicidal thoughts within their elderly loved ones. Being able to recognition signs and behaviors related to suicidal thoughts and actions is an important skill that people should learn. It becomes especially more difficult to recognize the signs of sever depression and suicidal thoughts when the individual is elderly. It is hard to distinguish between normal realizations and reactions to the ageing process and being suicidal. This puts an added strain on Emergency Room physicians because a good majorityRead MoreElderly Essay799 Words   |  4 PagesThe Precarious Nature Of Elderly Dental Care: How To Avoid Emergencies Or Address Them When They Do Arise The elderly in general face many health concerns that can be difficult to take care of, but teeth are often the last thing to be treated when insurance, finances and other obstacles stand in the way. Oral health, though, should not be ignored or put off until the last possible minute, because dental emergencies are very serious matters. If you know and care about an elder caught in these circumstancesRead MoreHealth Partners Free Clinic Is An Agency That Can Help These Individuals948 Words   |  4 PagesPeople are living longer and the elderly population is gowing by leaps and bounds. In the years to come, this age group will face chronic illnesses. These individuals will need teaching on how to self-manage the sickness. Diabetes medications can cost a person up to $1,379 which is a lot of money for someone on a limited income. Twenty percent of people age 65 and older conveyed taking less prescriptions over the past couple of years (Bennett Flaherty-Robb, 2013). Health Partn ers Free ClinicRead MorePain Management935 Words   |  4 Pagesmanagement often leads to repeat visits to the hospital seeking adequate pain control. Delayed recovery due too inadequate pain management often is a source of lost wages and productivity for the patient that ultimately has a trickle down economic effect. Another area of care that has a high rate of inadequately controlled pain management complaints is Emergency Room. According to a study conducted in the United States patient presenting to the emergency room complaining of pain reported aRead MoreThe Health Care Industry And The Impact Of Technology1518 Words   |  7 PagesChanging the Home Healthcare Industry, by the year 2020 the elderly population of the United States will make up about 17% of the total population (2013, p. 1). Couple that with the increasing overall population, and decreasing number of primary care providers, it is more than traditional hospital settings are able to handle. In emergency room settings alone, the number of elderly patients has doubled in the last ten years (Friedlander, 2015). Elderly patients (65+) are more likely to become ill in a hospitalRead MoreExecutive Summary. Problem Statement. What Actions Can950 Words   |  4 Pagesamong the worst in areas of health care access and health care pre vention and treatment. Limited health carriers, primary care practitioner shortages, and emergency room overuse prevent Texas from offering a better health care delivery system. Options Option One-Texas would be able to identify super-utilizers, reduce their emergency room visits, and direct them to outpatient care services through a hot-spotting initiative. Option Two-Through Integrated Practice Units, patients with complex healthRead MoreHealth Promotion Through Prevention And Wellness874 Words   |  4 Pagescreated by physical therapists is a wellness and prevention program for the elderly. In order to create a comprehensive and complete wellness and prevention program for the elderly, physical therapists should collaborate with other health care providers such as dieticians, nurses and other clinicians. Physical therapists can provide information and create an exercise program for the elderly. Nurses can educate the elderly about medication side effects and if they need to take certain medicationsRead MoreThe Emergency Room Narcs Intuitive ( Erni )1232 Words   |  5 PagesIntro Emergency Departments (ED) overcrowding in Canada has become an epidemic. ED overcrowding has been defined as â€Å"a situation in which the demand for emergency services exceeds the ability of an (emergency) department to provide quality care within acceptable time frames† (Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care, 2014). This has been an ongoing problem across Canada. Ontario has developed an initiative to reduce ED wait times by implementing a variety of strategies. This paper describes

A Doll s House Feminism Vs Humanism Essay - 1068 Words

A Doll’s House: Feminism vs Humanism A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen was originally considered by critics and scholars as a play about feminism. This is a believable idea as the play’s protagonist, Nora, goes through a personal journey where she realises that she is an independent woman and that she does not need a husband, especially like Torvald, to live. Nevertheless, many people believe that the play is more humanist than feminist. According to Ibsen, he wrote the story with a humanist eye. This point can be challenged by saying he certainly thought he was writing in a humanist eye, while instead, he was actually focussing on feminism, which is often considered a form of humanism. It is clear because he is solely focussing on the feminist aspects of humanism, rather than incorporate ideas of race, age or religion. Therefore, the play is surely feminist. This idea can be highlighted by talking about how Nora slowly acts more and more out of her gender role, how Mrs. Linde lives her life and how Nora has a complicated relationship with her children. Nora starts off the play essentially as Torvalds toy. She is obedient, she is cute, she rarely goes against his wishes, and she is nothing without her â€Å"owner†, Torvald. The reader, however, discovers early on that all is not what it seems to be. Nora is actually a very rebellious woman who enjoys going against Torvald’s wishes. There are scenarios where she does this out of the sheer enjoyment she gets. Nora loves macaroons.

North Carolina as a colony Free Essays

North Carolina is one of the thirteen colonies established by England around 1650. The  territory was called Carolina in honor of Charles the First.  Queen Elizabeth I of England granted Sir Walter Raleigh a charter for the establishment of a  settlement in North America. We will write a custom essay sample on North Carolina as a colony or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sir Raleigh and the Queen planned to establish a colony to be able to  explore for treasures and to scout for a strategic location where they can raid loaded Spanish ships. Based on these reasons, an expedition was sent in 1584 to explore for a suitable location and also  bring samples of the nature’s bounty on the area. After the successful exploration, the group  returned to England. In 1585, the first group of colonists was organized and they arrived at the north  end of the Roanoke Island. Ralph Lane with seventy-five men was left in the island while Sir  Richard Grenville, leader of the expedition returned to England to get additional food supplies and  additional men. Friction with the natives occurred when the settlers attacked a village in response to  the stealing of a silver cup by the natives. By April 1586, relations with a neighboring tribe had  degraded to such a degree that they attacked an expedition led by Lane to explore the Roanoke River.1 There was still no sign of Grenville’s fleet and due to hardships encountered, the settlers  accepted the offer of Sir Francis Drake to return to England.  Ã‚  The second group was led by John White and they arrived in June 1587. White tried to  reestablish friendly relations with the neighboring natives. At first, the natives were hostile and  aloof. But gradually the English gained their confidence by offering glass beads and dolls as signs  of friendships (Hale 128). But the aggrieved tribes whom Ralph Lane attacked were still unfriendly  to the new colonists and shortly thereafter, one colonist was killed by these natives. Fearing for their  lives, White was elected to return to England to inform of their situation and ask for help.   Two  significant events occurred shortly after the colonists’ arrival: two â€Å"friendly† Indians were baptized  and a child was born. Virginia Dare, as the baby was named, became the first child bor n to English-  speaking parents in the new world.2 But White was delayed in coming back to the colony because  of the following reasons: the vessel was not in good condition to travel back home and in crossing  the Atlantic Ocean; the refusal of the captain to sail back to the colony during winter time and then  the war with the Spanish Armada was imminent   and all the able ships were tasked to fight. He was  able to return in the spring of 1590 and found only the remnants of what was once a settlement. There were no signs of life, only the word â€Å"CROATAN† carved on a nearby tree.3   The second  failure can be attributed by factors beyond the control of the settlers. Although Sir Raleigh was  given a charter to colonize, attention was focused on the war with Spain. Cole and Warren  concluded that, â€Å"because England was so completely involved in fighting the Spanish Armada in  1588, no supplies were sent, nor any communications maintained with the settlements†. (403) The  colonization might have been successful if the expedition was fully equipped with farm implements,  food supplies and able manpower who are trained to do hard work in cultivating the soil. They  should have establish friendly relations with the natives to preserve their lives as well as with the  natives’. The impact left by Ralph Lane and John White on the area was that they had spread Christianity and English language to the new world.   It is ironic that Stuart Monarch James I rather than the visionary Elizabeth succeeded in  finally planting the British flag on the American shores. (Garraty and Gay 663) In 1607, three  shiploads arrived at Jamestown sent out by the London Company of Virginia. Captain John Smith  imposed a semi-dictatorial attitude to his men to check their incompetence and lack of initiative. His  edict, â€Å"He who does not work shall not eat† (Cole and Warren 406) was effective that they soon  cultivated crops especially staple crops and tobacco. By 1610, more settlers arrived and by 1612,  there were exportation of tobacco to other places. Significant too were the introduction in 1619 of  representative government – important to the Englishmen who contemplated migration to the New  World – and the beginnings of Negro servitude – important despite its inhumanity, to the economic  future of North America.(Garraty and Gay 665) Reference List Cole, Fay-Cooper, and Harris Gaylord Warren. An Illustrated Outline of History of Mankind. Grolier Incorporated: New York, 1963. Garraty, John A., and Peter Gay. The Columbia History of the World. Harper and Row: New York, 1972. Hale, John R. Age of Exploration. Time-Life International: Nederland, 1974. â€Å"Historical Highlights of North Carolina †.The State Library of North Carolina. 3 April 2006. 14 Nov. 2006.http://statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us/nc/history/history.htm â€Å"Roanoke Island†. Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. 14 Nov. 2006. 15 Nov. 2006. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roanoke_Island How to cite North Carolina as a colony, Essay examples

SCFA and Gut Microbiota & Types of Bacteria †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the SCFA and Gut Microbiota Types of Bacteria. Answer: The human colon is colonized by a dense and diverse population of microorganisms commonly referred to as the gut microbiota that exert significant influence in health through production of a wide range of metabolites. Fermentation of the carbohydrates and proteins inside the colon is carried out by these gut microbiota which act as chief source of energy for cells lining the colon alongside generation of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs are termed as 1-6 carbon volatile fatty acids and commonest ones that are produced inside the gut by this microbiota are acetate, propionate and butyrate. Maintenance of metabolic homeostasis inside the colonocytes and protection from external harm is rendered by the SCFAs. They also potentiate the anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties thereby accounting for good health through conferring of protection from various pathological conditions (van der Beek et al. 2017). Research has revealed that the productions of SCFAs are dependent u pon factors such as that of nutritional intake of the host and diet mediated alterations that occur inside the gut microbiota. SCFAs also act as novel sources of energy and facilitators of the various host induced signaling cascade mechanisms that represent distinguished physiological functions necessary for maintenance of the gut environment. Foods enriched with high content of dietary fibers are capable of producing SCFAs sufficiently that are effective in combating digestive disorders like diarrhea as well as other inflammatory bowel diseases. Lab based animal studies have also showed effectiveness of SCFAs to offer protection from colon cancer besides treatment and prevention of obesity. Reduction of inflammation in addition to prohibition of cholesterol synthesis has also been speculated to act in favor of decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Ros-Covin et al. 2016). Biological effects of SCFAs have been found to result in emanating certain beneficial changes that inc lude decrease in the luminal pH that in turn causes reduction of the pathogenic microorganism with concomitant rise in the absorption of certain nutrients. Thus, SCFAs have been recognized to be important mediators that has the ability to link nutrition with gut microbiota, physiology and pathology. Mammalian energy metabolism has been found to be dependent on the production of SCFAs and exercise potential benefits from such yield through adequate uptake by the host. Appropriate findings have also suggested that exercise serves as an adjuvant therapy for ameliorating conditions related to diminished microbial diversity thus accounting for the satisfactory production of SCFAs through increase in the richness of the gut microbiota (den Besten et al. 2013). Further, researches have indicated that the fermentation of the dietary fibers by the anaerobic intestinal microbiota lead to the synthesis of SCFAs inside the gut of humans. Among the microbiota, obligate anaerobes are the prominen t and abundant ones belonging to the genus Bacteroides, anaerobic gram positive cocci like that of Clostridium sp., Peptostreptococcussp., Lactobacillussp. and Eubacteriumsp. Other commensal bacteria have been identified to carry out gut immune homeostasis by causing limitation of the inflammatory responses through regulation of the regulatory T (Treg) cells of the immune system. Butyric acid and Propionic acid have been reported produced due to fermentation of starch by Bacillus subtilis and Propionibacterium sp. respectively (Arpaia et al. 2013). Thus, SCFAs are found to be important contributors to the maintenance of good health due to the actions exerted by the gut microbiota. References Arpaia, N., Campbell, C., Fan, X., Dikiy, S., van der Veeken, J., Liu, H., Cross, J.R., Pfeffer, K., Coffer, P.J. and Rudensky, A.Y., 2013. Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation.Nature,504(7480), pp.451-455. den Besten, G., van Eunen, K., Groen, A.K., Venema, K., Reijngoud, D.J. and Bakker, B.M., 2013. The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism.Journal of lipid research,54(9), pp.2325-2340. Ros-Covin, D., Ruas-Madiedo, P., Margolles, A., Gueimonde, M., de los Reyes-Gaviln, C.G. and Salazar, N., 2016. Intestinal short chain fatty acids and their link with diet and human health.Frontiers in microbiology,7. van der Beek, C.M., Dejong, C.H., Troost, F.J., Masclee, A.A. and Lenaerts, K., 2017. Role of short-chain fatty acids in colonic inflammation, carcinogenesis, and mucosal protection and healing.Nutrition Reviews,75(4), pp.286-305.